1Woe to the bloody city, completely full of lies and pillage;
         Her prey never departs.

2The noise of the whip,
         The noise of the rattling of the wheel,
         Galloping horses
         And bounding chariots!

3Horsemen charging,
         Swords flashing, spears gleaming,
         Many slain, a mass of corpses,
         And countless dead bodies—
         They stumble over the dead bodies!

4All because of the many harlotries of the harlot,
         The charming one, the mistress of sorceries,
         Who sells nations by her harlotries
         And families by her sorceries.

5“Behold, I am against you,” declares the LORD of hosts;
         “And I will lift up your skirts over your face,
         And show to the nations your nakedness
         And to the kingdoms your disgrace.

6“I will throw filth on you
         And make you vile,
         And set you up as a spectacle.

7“And it will come about that all who see you
         Will shrink from you and say,
         ‘Nineveh is devastated!
         Who will grieve for her?’
         Where will I seek comforters for you?”

8Are you better than No-amon,
         Which was situated by the waters of the Nile,
         With water surrounding her,
         Whose rampart was the sea,
         Whose wall consisted of the sea?

9Ethiopia was her might,
         And Egypt too, without limits.
         Put and Lubim were among her helpers.

10Yet she became an exile,
         She went into captivity;
         Also her small children were dashed to pieces
         At the head of every street;
         They cast lots for her honorable men,
         And all her great men were bound with fetters.

11You too will become drunk,
         You will be hidden.
         You too will search for a refuge from the enemy.

12All your fortifications are fig trees with ripe fruit—
         When shaken, they fall into the eater’s mouth.

13Behold, your people are women in your midst!
         The gates of your land are opened wide to your enemies;
         Fire consumes your gate bars.

14Draw for yourself water for the siege!
         Strengthen your fortifications!
         Go into the clay and tread the mortar!
         Take hold of the brick mold!

15There fire will consume you,
         The sword will cut you down;
         It will consume you as the locust does.
         Multiply yourself like the creeping locust,
         Multiply yourself like the swarming locust.

16You have increased your traders more than the stars of heaven—
         The creeping locust strips and flies away.

17Your guardsmen are like the swarming locust.
         Your marshals are like hordes of grasshoppers
         Settling in the stone walls on a cold day.
         The sun rises and they flee,
         And the place where they are is not known.

18Your shepherds are sleeping, O king of Assyria;
         Your nobles are lying down.
         Your people are scattered on the mountains
         And there is no one to regather them.

19There is no relief for your breakdown,
         Your wound is incurable.
         All who hear about you
         Will clap their hands over you,
         For on whom has not your evil passed continually?

Parallel Verses

New American Standard Bible (©1995)
Woe to the bloody city, completely full of lies and pillage; Her prey never departs.

GOD'S WORD® Translation (©1995)
How horrible it will be for that city of bloody violence! It is completely full of lies and stolen goods-never without victims.

King James Bible
Woe to the bloody city! it is all full of lies and robbery; the prey departeth not;

Douay-Rheims Bible
Woe to thee, O city of blood, all full of lies and violence: rapine shall not depart from thee.

Darby Bible Translation
Woe to the bloody city! It is all full of lies and violence; the prey departeth not.

English Revised Version
Woe to the bloody city! it is all full of lies and rapine; the prey departeth not.

Webster's Bible Translation
Woe to the bloody city! it is all full of lies and robberies; the prey departeth not;

World English Bible
Woe to the bloody city! It is all full of lies and robbery. The prey doesn't depart.

Young's Literal Translation
Woe to the city of blood, She is all with lies -- burglary -- full, Prey doth not depart.

Cross References

Psalm 62:10 Do not trust in oppression And do not vainly hope in robbery; If riches increase, do not set your heart upon them.

Ezekiel 24:6 'Therefore, thus says the Lord GOD, "Woe to the bloody city, To the pot in which there is rust And whose rust has not gone out of it! Take out of it piece after piece, Without making a choice.

Ezekiel 24:9 'Therefore, thus says the Lord GOD, "Woe to the bloody city! I also will make the pile great.

Nahum 2:13 "Behold, I am against you," declares the LORD of hosts. "I will burn up her chariots in smoke, a sword will devour your young lions; I will cut off your prey from the land, and no longer will the voice of your messengers be heard."

Habakkuk 2:12 "Woe to him who builds a city with bloodshed And founds a town with violence!

Commentary

Matthew Henry's Whole Bible Commentary

Chapter 3

This chapter goes on with the burden of Nineveh, and concludes it. I. The sins of that great city are charged upon it, murder (v. 1), whoredom and witchcraft (v. 4), and a general extent of wickedness (v. 19). II. Judgments are here threatened against it, blood for blood (v. 2, 3), and shame for shameful sins (v. 5-7). III. Instances are given of the like desolations brought upon other places for the like sins (v. 8-11). IV. The overthrow of all those things which they depended upon, and put confidence in, is foretold (v. 12-19).

Verses 1-7

Here is, I. Nineveh arraigned and indicted. It is a high charge that is here drawn up against that great city, and neither her numbers nor her grandeur shall secure her from prosecution. 1. It is a city of blood, in which a great deal of innocent blood is shed by unrighteous war, or under colour and pretence of public justice, or by suffering barbarous murders to go unpunished; for this the righteous God will make inquisition. 2. It is all full of lies; truth is banished from among them; there is no such thing as honesty; one knows not whom to believe nor whom to trust. 3. It is all full of robbery and rapine; no man cares what mischief he does, nor to whom he does it: The prey departs not, that is, they never know when they have got enough by spoil and oppression. They shed blood, and told lies, in pursuit of the prey, that they might enrich themselves. 4. There is a multitude of whoredoms in it, that is, idolatries, spiritual whoredoms, by which she defiled herself, and to which she seduced the neighbouring nations, as a well-favoured harlot, and sold and ruined nations through her whoredoms. 5. She is a mistress of witchcrafts, and by them she sells families, v. 4. That which Nineveh aimed at was a universal monarchy, to be the metropolis of the world, and to have all her neighbours under her feet; to compass this, she used not only arms, but arts, compelling some, deluding others, into subjection to her, and wheedling them as a harlot by her charms to lay their necks under her yoke, suggesting to them that it would be for their advantage. She courted them to join with her in her idolatrous rites, to tie them the faster to her interests, and made use of her wealth, power, and greatness, to draw people into alliances with her, by which she gained advantages over them, and made a hand of them. These were her whoredoms, like those of Tyre, Isa. 23:15, 17. These were her witchcrafts, with which she unaccountably gained dominion. And for this that God has a quarrel with her who, having made of one blood all nations of men, never designed one to be a nation of tyrants and another of slaves, and who claims it as his own prerogative to be universal Monarch.

II. Nineveh condemned to ruin upon this indictment. Woe to this bloody city! v. 1. See what this woe is.

1. Nineveh had with her cruelties been a terror and destruction to others, and therefore destruction and terror shall be brought upon her. Those that are for overthrowing all that come in their way will, sooner or later, meet with their match. (1.) Hear the alarm with which Nineveh shall be terrified, v. 2. It is a formidable army that advances against it; you may hear them at a distance, the noise of the whip, driving the chariot-horses with fury; you may hear the noise of the rattling of the wheels, the prancing horses, and the jumping chariots; the very noise is frightful, but much more so when they know that all this force is coming with all this speed against them, and they are not able to make head against it. (2.) See the slaughter with which Nineveh shall be laid waste (v. 3), the sword drawn with which execution shall be done, the bright sword lifted up and the glittering spear, the dazzling brightness of which is very terrible to those whom they are lifted up against. See what havoc these make when they are commissioned to slay: There is a great number of carcases, for the slain of the land shall be many; there is no end of their corpses; there is such a multitude of slain that it is in vain to go about to take the number of them; they lie so thick that passengers are ready to stumble upon their corpses at every step. The destruction of Sennacherib's army, which, in the morning, were all dead corpses, is perhaps looked upon here as a figure of the like destruction that should afterwards be in Nineveh; for those that will not take warning by judgments at a distance shall have them come nearer.

2. Nineveh had with her whoredoms and witchcrafts drawn others to shameful wickedness, and therefore God will load her with shame and contempt (v. 5-7): The Lord of hosts is against her, and then she shall be exposed to the highest degree of disgrace and ignominy, shall not only lose all her charms, but shall be made to appear very odious. When it shall be seen that while she courted her neighbours it was with design to ruin their liberty and property, when all her wicked artifices shall be brought to light, then her shame is discovered to the nations. When her proud pretensions are baffled, and her vain towering hopes of an absolute and universal dominion brought to nought, and she appears not to have been so strong and considerable as she would have been thought to be, then to see the nakedness of the land do they come, and it appears ridiculous. Then do they cast abominable filth upon her, as upon a carted strumpet, and make her vile as the offscouring of all things; that great city, which all nations had made court to and coveted an alliance with, has become a gazing-stock, a laughing stock. Those that formerly looked upon her, and fled to her, in hopes of protection from her, now look upon her and flee from her, for fear of being ruined with her. Note, Those that abuse their honour and interest will justly be disgraced and abandoned, and, because miserable, will be made contemptible, and thereby be made more miserable. When Nineveh is laid waste who will bemoan her? Her trouble will be so great, and her sense of it so deep, as not to admit relief from sympathy, or any comforting considerations; or, if it would, none shall do any such good office: When shall I seek comforters for thee? Note, Those that showed no pity in the day of their power can expect to find no pity in the day of their fall. When those about Nineveh, that had been deceived by her wiles, come to be undeceived in her ruin, every one shall insult over her, and none bemoan her. This was Nineveh's fate, when she was made a spectacle, or gazing-stock. Note, The greater men's show was in the day of their abused prosperity the greater will their shame be in the day of their deserved destruction. I will make thee an example; so Drusus reads it. Note, When proud sinners are humbled and brought down it is designed that others should take example by them not to lift up themselves in security and insolence when they prosper in the world.

Calvin's Commentary

1. Woe to the bloody city! it is all full of lies and robbery; the prey departeth not;

1. O urbs sanguinaria! Tota mendacio (vertunt) rapina plena est; non recedit praeda (vel, non recedet praeda.)

The Prophet, as I have said, more clearly expresses here the reason why the vengeance of God would be so severe on the Ninevites, -- because they had wholly given themselves up to barbarous cruelty; and hence he calls it the bloody city. Bloody city! he says. The exclamation is emphatical. Though hv, eu, sometimes means Woe; yet it is put here as though the Prophet would have constrained Nineveh to undergo its punishment, O sanguinary city, then, the whole of it is full of kchs cachesh: the word signifies leanness and the Prophet no doubt joins here together two words, which seem to differ widely, and yet they signify the same thing. For phrq, perek, means to lay by; and kchs, cachesh, is taken for a lie or vanity, when there is nothing solid in what is said: but the Prophet, I doubt not, means by both words the spoils of the city Nineveh. It was then full of leanness for it had consumed all others; it was also full of spoils, for it had filled itself. But the meaning of the Prophet is in no way dubious; for at length he adds, Depart shall not the prey; that is as some think, it shall not be withdrawn from the hands of conquerors; but others more correctly think that a continued liberty in plundering is intended, that the Assyrians were constantly employed in pillaging and kept within no bounds.

We hence see that the Prophet now shows why God says, that he would be an adversary to the Ninevites, because he could not endure its unjust cruelty. He bore with it indeed for a time; for he did not immediately execute his judgment; but yet he never forgot his own people.

As, then, God has once declared by the mouth of his Prophet that he would be the avenger of the cruelty which the Assyrians had exercised, let us know that he retains still his own nature; and whatever liberty he may for a time grant to tyrants and savage wild beasts, he yet continues to be a just avenger. It is our duty calmly to bear injuries, and to groan to him; and as he promises to be at length our helper, it behaves us to flee to him, and to ask him to succor us, so that seeing his Church oppressed, and tyrants exercising licentiously their power, he may hasten the time to restrain them. If then we were at all times to continue thus resigned under God's protection, there is no doubt but that he would be ready even at this day to execute a similar judgment to that which the city Nineveh and its people had to endure. Prayer.

Grant, Almighty God. that as we have now heard of punishments so dreadful denounced on all tyrants and plunderers, this warning may keep us within the limits of justice, so that none of us may abuse our power to oppress the innocent, but, on the contrary, strive to benefit one another, and wholly regulate ourselves according to the rule of equity: and may we hence also receive comfort whenever the ungodly molest and trouble us, and doubt not but that we are under thy protection, and that thou art armed with power sufficient to defend us, so that we may patiently bear injuries, until at length the ripened time shall come for thee to help us, and to put forth thy power for our preservation; nor let us cease to bear our evils with patience, as long as it may be thy will to exercise us in our present warfare, until having gone through all one troubles, we come to that blessed rest which has been provided for us in heaven by Christ Jesus our Lord. Amen.

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The Tenth Commandment
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.' Exod 20: 17. THIS commandment forbids covetousness in general, Thou shalt not covet;' and in particular, Thy neighbour's house, thy neighbour's wife, &c. I. It forbids covetousness in general. Thou shalt not covet.' It is lawful to use the world, yea, and to desire so much of it as may keep us from the temptation …
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Nahum
Poetically the little book of Nahum is one of the finest in the Old Testament. Its descriptions are vivid and impetuous: they set us before the walls of the beleaguered Nineveh, and show us the war-chariots of her enemies darting to and fro like lightning, ii. 4, the prancing steeds, the flashing swords, the glittering spears, iii. 2,3. The poetry glows with passionate joy as it contemplates the ruin of cruel and victorious Assyria. In the opening chapter, i., ii. 2, Jehovah is represented as coming …
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament